ilakkiyam literature

Where are the braves, the face like autumn fruit, Who started at the child from the coloured frontispiece? And monosyllabic chief who spoke with his throat? Where are the tribes, the feathered bestiaries?- Rank Aesop's animals erect and red, with fur on their names to make all live things kin- Chief Running Deer, Black Bear, Old Buffalo Head? Childhood, that wished me Indian, hoped that once after school I'd leave the classroom chalk, the varnish smell, the watered dust of the street, to join the clean outdoors and the Iroquois track. Childhood; but always, - as on a calendar,- There stood that chief, with arms akimbo, waiting the runway mascot paddling to his shore. With what strange moccasin stealth that scene is changed! With French names, without paint, in overalls, their bronze, like their nobility expunged,- the men. Beneath their alimentary shawls sit like black tenets their squaws; while for the tourist's brown pennies scattered at the old church door, the ragged pa...

1 If an old tree-trunk sends out a tender sprout, Will one who knows give it a different name? The old order has just been pruned, No more, An idiot may, perhaps, call it democracy. 2 Bullets chase a poor fellow; bread Eludes his grasp Even in freedom helpless, hapless He Sheep like must submit to one who Kills. Butcher alone has changed; the cut Is as it used to be. 3 Will Hail, hail and public audiences Aught avail? Will mere bits of raw thread ever Dam the wounds? As long as the knife-blade reaches Not the abscess-root Will the commissions remedy the Nation’s cancer, ah? 5 The minister’s doggie frolics up the Sofa sets, Some kiss it some other embrace It. Behold the laborer , ah, still with The rope on his Shoulder, furrows on his Brow, Belly sunk in, heart aburn, liver Heating up. A cool capitalist you, O Chinar! Green you look in spring, turn Bloody in autumn. The empty-bellied poor you lull...

Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village, though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sounds the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. In the poem the poet who stopped by woods on a snowy evening and his feeling at the moment are vividly described. The horse felt puzzled when stopped at the moment, but he didn’t know it was the beauty and darkness of the woods that attracted the master. The persona cherished a deep love for nature, and when surrounded by nature, he felt perfectly contented. Probably he longed to die there, being lost in the bosom of nature. Thinkin...

Introduction:  In this prose Bernard Shaw recalls how he became a successful public speaker. Before taking his public speaking career, he knew nothing about public oration and meetings. When he spoke for the first time, he became nervous and failed in that endeavor. After many efforts he won success in the art of oration. Shaw's experiences in the Zetetical society:  Shaw went to the meeting at Zetetical society with his friend Lecky. It was his first experience. There was a debate going on. He stood up and blabbered something towards the speaker. He was able to estimate his reply as a meaningless one. He felt ashamed of it. So, he joined the society and attended every meeting. At the starting, his speeches were ignored by the members of the society. But, the members gradually started to hear his speeches. He perfected his oration techniques progressively by hard work. Shaw's securing of freedom of speech:  Shaw visited all sorts of meeting held in London. He ...

Bacon opens the essay by claiming that the love or romance shown on the stage, plays, and theatres is highly unrealistic, far from reality. On stage, love is portrayed as a noble trait leading to joy and excitement. It often brings tragedy and sorrow. However, in the real life, love does the real disasters by bringing dark and foreboding. History has a record that all the great, noble, and worthier man who has done something great in the life have refused this week passion and keep themselves and their business away from such things. Bacon illustrates the example of Marcus Antonius, a member of Roman royalty who was given a chance to rule over 1/3rd of the empire, and Appius Claudius, the second member of royalty who was given the other 1/3rd of empire, to explain the destructing effects of love. The former was the man of ambition and power, however, amorous, impulsive, and restrained. He had little or no control over his heart and wandered in pursuit of love and lust. While Claudiu...

Bacon opens his essay with a grand statement modeled after the views of Aristotle. Finding pleasure in solicitude is contrary to human character and mind. He expresses his belief in rather strong words. Anyone, who shuns fellow human beings and retreats to isolation, is degraded to the level of a wild beast. The other possibility is that he is god. Bacon, however, is not totally dismissive of people who assiduously shy away from the crowd, and head for the wilderness. Bacon realizes that remaining silent and cut off from others helps the mind to engage in deep contemplative thinking. Through such deep insightful dissection of mind, a person rediscovers himself. The truth and wisdom that dawn on the meditator’s mind through such prolonged isolation, can be profoundly rewarding for the hermit. The consequence can be both questionable or desirable. In case of Epimenides the Candian, Numa the Roman, Epimenides the Candian, Numa the Roman, Empedocles the Sicilian, and Apollonius of Tyana,...

The young soul learns a lot when he travels around unknown places. He learns a lot from the environment even before he has started going to school. By traveling, the process of learning is enhanced and the child acquires awareness very early. However, one must seek some knowledge, particularly learning the language of the place where he intended to travel. If he doesn’t have sufficient knowledge, he must not visit that place.   Bacon Further adds that it is often desirable for the young ones to travel around the world in the company of a knowledgeable person or tutor, for instance, under the supervision of a person who knows the foreign language and has been there before. The tutor, by virtue his knowledge and experience, must be able to guide the young traveler about where to go and what is worth seeing. On the other hand, without a knowledgeable tutor, the young traveler might fail to perceive the worth and significant things while traveling to new places. Bacon furthermo...

The first drawback of lacking the nobility, which Sir Francis Bacon describes, is that the state becomes “pure or absolute tyranny”; people are forced to live under a cruel and oppressive monarchy. In order to exemplify, he refers to the monarchy of Turks. Sir Francis Bacon wants to say that if a state lacks nobility, its impact is proportional to its people; therefore, nobility, in a state is very much necessary, if the people of a kingdom want peace. Nobility, in this way, is the name of peace and happiness. Secondly, nobility “draws the eyes of the people somewhat aside from the line royal”; people after realizing that their king has nobility feel secure from internal catastrophes; they focus their whole attention on other matters of life instead of royalty. In this way, an empire makes more progress as compared to that empire, which lacks morality. Sir Francis Bacon considers nobility as part of every state. However, he does not feel its necessity in a democratic country. He thi...

Analysis Epithalamion is an ode written by Edmund Spenser as a gift to his bride, Elizabeth Boyle, on their wedding day. The poem moves through the couples' wedding day, from the groom's impatient hours before dawn to the late hours of night after the husband and wife have consummated their marriage. Spenser is very methodical in his depiction of time as it passes, both in the accurate chronological sense and in the subjective sense of time as felt by those waiting in anticipation or fear. As with most classically-inspired works, this ode begins with an invocation to the Muses to help the groom; however, in this case they are to help him awaken his bride, not create his poetic work. Then follows a growing procession of figures who attempt to bestir the bride from her bed. Once the sun has risen, the bride finally awakens and begins her procession to the bridal bower. She comes to the "temple" (the sanctuary of the church wherein she is to be formally married to...